heat a generous amount of oil in a pan
start with whole spice seeds like cumin - let them sizzle for a few seconds until they release their aroma without browning
add the finely chopped onion and sauté until translucent
add the capsicums and fresh, if using, until they begin to soften
add the garlic, herbs and powdered or whole dry chillies / paprika, and cook for another couple of minutes until aromatic
add any extra ingredients such as tomatoes and cook them until they wilt
(I've been known to throw in leftover cooked vegetables or the remains of yesterday's soup)
now add the beans, stirring to incorporate into the aromatic oilif the mixture gets too dry, add some broth or water to achieve a softer consistency every now and then, leave the beans undisturbed for a minute or so to develop a crust, then fold the crust into the bean mixture. Take care not to burn the beans
continue to stir the mixture until it has a consistency and aroma to your liking
refried beans like a garnish of crumbly cheese such as Mexican Cotija, Greek Feta or Turkish Lor
adjust the seasoning, serve and enjoy